Long-term Genoprotection Effect of Sechium edule Fruit Extract Against UVA Irradiation in Keratinocytes

Photoprotection is essential to prevent the long-term deleterious effects of ultraviolet (UV), including skin cancer and photoaging. So far, there has been an increase in the use of natural bioactive phytochemicals for the development of more effective skin photoprotective agents. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the photochemoprotection activity of such compounds remain largely unknown. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of a Sechium edule fruit extract (SEE) in terms of photoprotection against UVA in primary human keratinocytes. We found that SEE protected keratinocytes against UVA-induced cytotoxicity, decreased the intracellular amounts of reactive oxygen species, and reduced oxidatively induced DNA lesions after UVA exposure. Furthermore, SEE decreased the induction of CPD lesions in UVA-irradiated keratinocytes and exhibited increased DNA repair of such photoproducts at 24 h postexposure. Finally, using DNA repair biochips, we demonstrated that SEE-treated keratinocytes had DNA enzymatic repair activities more efficient for abasic sites, CPD and thymine glycols. Therefore, the benefits of SEE against UVA could be explained by a combination of antioxidant activity, the reduction in DNA damage, and the enhancement of DNA repair capacities.