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Correlation between fungal sensitisation in childhood persistent asthma and disease severity

Aman Gupta1, Meenu Singh1, Arunaloke Chakrabarti2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

Mycoses
|November 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Fungal sensitization in children with persistent asthma is linked to increased disease severity. This study highlights Aspergillus flavus as a common trigger in pediatric asthma patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Mycology

Background:

  • Fungal sensitization is linked to severe asthma in adults, but its role in children is not well understood.
  • Understanding fungal sensitization in pediatric asthma is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between fungal sensitization and asthma severity in children.
  • To identify common fungal allergens implicated in pediatric asthma.

Main Methods:

  • Skin prick tests (SPT) for 8 fungal antigens and total serum IgE levels were performed on 100 children (7-15 years) with persistent asthma.
  • Fungal sensitization was defined by positive SPT or elevated IgE (>200 ng/mL).
  • Asthma severity was assessed based on clinical parameters.

Main Results:

  • Fungal sensitization was observed in 17% of children, with 6 cases showing sensitization to multiple fungi.
  • Children with fungal sensitization had a significantly higher prevalence of severe asthma (17.6%) compared to those without (2.4%) (P=.032).
  • A family history of allergic comorbidities was more common in sensitized children (47.1% vs 21.7%, P=.03). Aspergillus flavus was the most frequent sensitizing agent (47.1%).

Conclusions:

  • Fungal sensitization is associated with more severe persistent asthma in Indian children.
  • Early identification of fungal sensitization may aid in managing pediatric asthma effectively.

Keywords:
Aspergillus specieschildhood persistent asthmafungal sensitisationserum immunoglobulin Esevere asthmaskin prick test

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