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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
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Heat is a widely used method to control microbial growth by targeting and denaturing cellular proteins, thereby killing or inactivating microbes. This method's effectiveness is quantified using parameters such as the thermal death point (TDP), thermal death time (TDT), and decimal reduction time (D value). TDP represents the lowest temperature at which all microorganisms in a liquid suspension are eliminated within 10 minutes, whereas TDT is the time necessary to achieve sterilization at a...
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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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High-throughput Identification of Bacteria Repellent Polymers for Medical Devices
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Temperature-Responsive Hierarchical Polymer Brushes Switching from Bactericidal to Cell Repellency.

Xianghong Wang1,2, Shunjie Yan1, Lingjie Song1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel polymer surface that kills bacteria at room temperature and repels them at body temperature. This temperature-responsive material offers advanced infection resistance for various applications.

Keywords:
bacterial repellencybactericidalhierarchical structuresurface-initiated photoiniferter-mediated polymerization (SI-PIMP)temperature-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Conventional poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) surfaces exhibit temperature-dependent antibacterial properties, switching from bactericidal to repellent.
  • A need exists for surfaces that maintain antibacterial activity at ambient temperatures while offering repellency at physiological temperatures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a hierarchical polymer architecture with switchable antibacterial and repellent functionalities.
  • To create a temperature-sensitive surface for infection-resistant applications.

Main Methods:

  • Sequential surface-initiated photoiniferter-mediated polymerization to create a dual-layer polymer architecture.
  • Incorporation of vancomycin (Van) into a thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)-based upper layer.
  • Utilizing a poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA) antifouling bottom layer.

Main Results:

  • The developed surface exhibits bactericidal activity at room temperature via a stretchable PNIPAM-based layer and vancomycin.
  • At physiological temperature, the PNIPAM-based layer collapses, exposing the PSBMA brushes, leading to bacterial inhibition and detachment of dead bacteria.
  • The hierarchical surface demonstrated excellent biocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • A novel temperature-sensitive switchable surface with dual antibacterial and repellent functions was successfully designed and fabricated.
  • This strategy offers a promising approach for developing advanced infection-resistant materials for real-world applications.