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Related Concept Videos

Induction01:16

Induction

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An emf is induced when the magnetic field in a coil is changed by pushing a bar magnet into or out of the coil. emfs of opposite signs are produced by motion in opposite directions, and the directions of emfs are also reversed by reversing poles. The same results are produced if the coil is moved rather than the magnet—it is the relative motion that is important. The faster the motion, the greater the emf. Additionally, there is no emf when the magnet is stationary relative to the coil.
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Ferromagnetism01:31

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object01:24

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

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Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
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Magnetism01:30

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Magnets are commonly found in everyday objects, such as toys, hangers, elevators, doorbells, and computer devices. Experimentation on these magnets shows that all magnets have two poles: one is labeled north (N) and the other south (S). Magnetic poles repel if they are alike and attract if unlike. Moreover, both poles of a magnet attract unmagnetized pieces of iron.
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Paramagnetism01:30

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Paramagnets are materials with unpaired electrons that possess a finite magnetic moment. In the absence of a magnetic field, these moments are randomly oriented, and thus the net moment is zero. Under an external field, a torque acting on the moments tends to align them along the field's direction. However, the random thermal motion of electrons produces a torque opposite to the external field and tries to disorient the moments. These two competing effects align only a few moments along the...
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Colors and Magnetism03:02

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Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
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Selective Induction of Optical Magnetism.

Uttam Manna1, Jung-Hoon Lee1, Tian-Song Deng1

  • 1The James Franck Institute, ‡Department of Chemistry, §Department of Physics, University of Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States.

Nano Letters
|November 8, 2017
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Summary

Researchers used special light beams to control magnetic responses in tiny nanostructures, enhancing magnetic resonances by 100-fold. This opens new avenues for studying and manipulating nanomaterials and metamaterials.

Keywords:
FDTD simulationsOptical magnetismcylindrical vector beamsmeta-atommultipolar resonancesplasmonic nanocluster

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Electromagnetism

Background:

  • Extending electromagnetic induction to optical frequencies requires specific materials and light beam properties.
  • Driving magnetic responses in dielectric-metal nanostructures is challenging at optical frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the selective excitation of optical magnetic resonances in dielectric core-metal nanoparticle nanostructures.
  • To explore the use of cylindrical vector beams with azimuthal polarization for controlling magnetic and electric responses.

Main Methods:

  • Employing cylindrical vector beams with azimuthal polarization to drive electric fields.
  • Utilizing dielectric core-metal nanoparticle "satellite" nanostructures.
  • Performing electrodynamics simulations and multipole expansion analysis of scattered fields.

Main Results:

  • Azimuthally polarized beams selectively enhanced magnetic dipole resonances by nearly 100-fold compared to electric dipole resonances.
  • Multipolar resonances (quadrupole, octupole) were enhanced 5-fold with focused azimuthally polarized beams versus linearly polarized beams.
  • Radially polarized light was used to selectively excite electric multipolar resonances in the same nanostructures.

Conclusions:

  • Demonstrated selective excitation of optical magnetic resonances in dielectric-metal nanostructures using tailored light polarization.
  • Highlighted the potential for precise control over magnetic and electric responses in nanomaterials.
  • Opened new opportunities for spectroscopic investigation and control of dark modes, Fano resonances, and magnetic modes in engineered metamaterials.