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Bronchoscopy in children suspected of lower airway aspiration

Sine Holst-Albrechtsen1, Søren Kristensen, Knud Larsen

  • 1sineha86@gmail.com.

Danish Medical Journal
|November 9, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Foreign body aspiration in children is a serious risk, often affecting those aged 0-3 years. Early bronchoscopy is crucial, even without clear symptoms, as this condition can be life-threatening.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Foreign body aspiration (FBA) in the bronchial tree poses a significant life-threatening risk to children.
  • This study focuses on the highest-risk age group for FBA, analyzing clinical and anamnestic findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and outcomes of foreign body aspiration in pediatric patients.
  • To evaluate the frequency and consequences of FBA in the highest-risk age demographic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of medical records for children under 18 who underwent foreign body removal from the lungs between 1990 and 2013.
  • Data extraction utilized the procedure code for lower airway foreign body removal from the Danish Patient Register.

Main Results:

  • 29 patient files were analyzed; the median age was 19 months.
  • 33% of patients had no recorded symptoms at admission; 67% showed abnormal thoracic X-rays and 73% abnormal pulmonary auscultation.
  • The overall complication rate was 28%, with 7% requiring post-operative anesthetic support for respiratory failure; no fatalities occurred.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of pediatric FBA cases occurred in children aged 0-3 years.
  • Bronchoscopy is recommended upon suspicion of lower airway foreign bodies, as symptoms may not always be present.
  • Despite no observed deaths, pediatric lower airway foreign bodies represent a potentially life-threatening condition requiring prompt medical attention.
Abstract

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