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CO₂ production, dissolution and pressure dynamics during silage production: multi-sensor-based insight into parameter

Menghua Li¹, Guilin Shan¹, Haiyang Zhou¹

¹College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Key Lab of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, 100083, Beijing, China.

Scientific Reports

|November 9, 2017

Summary

Understanding oxygen (O2) transport in silage is key to preventing spoilage. This study reveals that both gas diffusion and advective transfer significantly impact O2 entry, influencing silage aerobic stability.

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Food Science
Microbiology

Background:

Silage, a vital global livestock feedstock, is susceptible to aerobic deterioration, impacting its quality and nutritional value.
The precise mechanisms governing oxygen (O2) ingress into silage, a critical factor in aerobic spoilage, are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the dominant mechanisms of O2 transport into silage.
To elucidate the relationship between gas dynamics, microbial activity, and aerobic stability during ensilage.

Main Methods:

Simultaneous monitoring of O2, CO2, gas pressure (ΔP), pH, and silage temperature (Tsi) in maize and ryegrass during ensilage.
Analysis of gas exchange dynamics, including CO2 dissolution and apparent respiratory quotient (RQ).

Main Results:

Observed partial dissolution of respired CO2 in silage water, leading to variable gas pressure (ΔP).
Net CO2 production was highest during anaerobic fermentation.
O2 transport is intricately linked to CO2 dynamics, ΔP, microbial activity, pH, and Tsi.
Both Fick's law (diffusion) and Darcy's law (advection) govern gas fluxes in silage.

Conclusions:

Gas diffusion and advective transfer are equally important in O2 transport into silage.
Negative gas pressure (ΔP < 0) during feed-out increases the risk of O2 entry and subsequent aerobic deterioration, even at low pH.