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Style morphology and pollen tube pathway.

M M Gotelli1,2, E C Lattar3,4, L M Zini3

  • 1Cátedra de Botánica General, Depto. de Recursos Naturales y Ambiente, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. gotelli@agro.uba.ar.

Plant Reproduction
|November 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Pollen tube growth pathways vary across open, closed, and semi-closed styles, involving secretions and cell penetration. Style evolution is mapped on angiosperm phylogeny, suggesting origins in early angiosperms and diversification within major clades.

Keywords:
Pollen tube pathwayStylar transmitting tissueStyleUltrastructure

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Area of Science:

  • Plant reproductive biology
  • Angiosperm evolution
  • Cell biology

Background:

  • Style morphology and anatomy exhibit significant variation across angiosperm species.
  • Three primary style types—open, closed, and semi-closed—are recognized based on their structure.
  • Pollen tube guidance and growth are critically dependent on the stylar tissues and their secretions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define and classify style subtypes based on pollen tube pathways.
  • To investigate the cellular and anatomical characteristics associated with pollen tube growth in different style types.
  • To reconstruct the evolutionary history of style types within angiosperms.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of style morphology and pollen tube behavior across diverse species.
  • Mapping of style types onto an angiosperm phylogenetic tree using maximum parsimony.
  • Review of existing literature on pollen tube-style interactions and stylar secretions.

Main Results:

  • Pollen tube pathways differ significantly, utilizing canal secretions, intercellular matrices, or cell wall penetration.
  • Open styles primarily rely on canal secretions, though cell penetration occurs; closed styles use extracellular matrices or thickened cell walls.
  • Phylogenetic mapping suggests open styles originated early, closed styles in Asparagales/Poales/Eudicots, and semi-closed in Rosids/Ericales/Gentianales.

Conclusions:

  • Style evolution is linked to specific angiosperm lineages, with potential losses and reversals observed.
  • The diverse pollen tube pathways reflect adaptations to different stylar anatomies and secretory mechanisms.
  • Understanding style evolution provides insights into angiosperm reproductive diversification and phylogeny.