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Related Concept Videos

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

41.3K
An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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Replication in Prokaryotes01:32

Replication in Prokaryotes

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DNA replication has three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. Replication in prokaryotes begins when initiator proteins bind to the single origin of replication (ori) on the cell's circular chromosome. Replication then proceeds around the entire circle of the chromosome in each direction from the two replication forks, resulting in two DNA molecules.
Many Proteins Work Together to Replicate the Chromosome
Replication is coordinated and carried out by a host of specialized...
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Replication in Prokaryotes02:35

Replication in Prokaryotes

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Overview
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The Replisome03:01

The Replisome

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DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique
07:18

Visualization of DNA Replication in the Vertebrate Model System DT40 using the DNA Fiber Technique

Published on: October 27, 2011

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DNA Replication Fidelity in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex.

Digby F Warner1, Jeremy M Rock2, Sarah M Fortune2,3,4

  • 1MRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research Unit and DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Department of Pathology and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, P/Bag X3, Rondebosch, 7700, South Africa. digby.warner@uct.ac.za.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|November 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Understanding DNA replication fidelity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is key to its genetic stability and the emergence of drug resistance. Targeting DNA replication mechanisms may offer new strategies against tuberculosis.

Keywords:
DNA polymeraseDrug resistanceMutation ratePHP domain

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) exhibits genetic isolation with limited horizontal gene transfer.
  • Understanding Mtb's genomic integrity mechanisms is crucial for explaining genetic variation and drug resistance.
  • The pathogen's unique disease characteristics, including transmission and immune evasion, influence its genetic evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanisms Mtb employs to maintain DNA replication fidelity.
  • To explore the potential of targeting Mtb's DNA replication machinery for novel therapeutic interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Focus on the mechanisms of DNA replication fidelity in M. tuberculosis.
  • Analysis of genetic stability and variation within Mtb populations.

Main Results:

  • The study emphasizes the link between DNA replication fidelity and the generation of genetic diversity in Mtb.
  • Identified potential targets within the DNA replication machinery.

Conclusions:

  • Maintaining DNA replication fidelity is central to Mtb's genetic preservation and the development of drug resistance.
  • Targeting DNA replication components presents a promising avenue for developing new anti-tuberculosis therapies to combat drug resistance.