Choroidal melanoma: A short review with an Indian perspective

Choroidal melanoma (CM), the most common intraocular tumor in adults, is still a rarity in Asia. Having a high propensity for metastasis with a poor survival, recognizing it early is essential. Although it has typical clinical features, there are instances of simulating lesions. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy can be a valuable tool not only to confirm our clinical suspicion but also aid in prognosticating it. From days of histopathological prognostic markers, we are moving on to genetic markers which are reliably providing insights, helping us in providing a better care for our patients. Eye preservation has taken an all new important meaning in CM with many centers opting for different modalities of radiation. Herein, we try to provide a short synopsis of CM looking into its epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and management. We also look briefly into the role of fine-needle biopsy in managing CM. Being a tertiary referral ocular center in India, we do come across CM; we have shared the preliminary reports of our analysis of managing CM over a 9-year period.