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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular...
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Mitral Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

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Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a valvular heart disorder in which the mitral valve fails to close tightly, allowing blood to leak backward into the heart. Understanding the clinical manifestations, assessment, diagnostic findings, and medical management of MR is crucial to effectively managing affected patients.Clinical Manifestations of Mitral RegurgitationMitral regurgitation can be acute or chronic, each presenting differently and requiring different approaches:1. Acute Mitral...
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Echocardiographic Assessment of Cardiac Anatomy and Function in Adult Rats
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Mitral Annular Dynamics and Left Ventricular Diastole.

Angel Lopez-Candales1, Dagmar F Hernandez-Suarez2, Francisco Lopez Menendez3

  • 1Cardiovascular Medicine Division, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine, San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Cardiology Research
|November 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mitral annular systolic velocity (MA TDI S') correlates with left ventricular diastolic function, unlike mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE). This finding highlights MA TDI S' as a potential indicator for diastolic dysfunction.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Diastolic Function Assessment

Background:

  • Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) of the mitral annulus (MA) assesses left ventricular (LV) diastolic function.
  • The impact of MA systolic dynamics on LV diastole remains under-investigated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between MA systolic dynamics and LV diastolic function parameters.
  • To investigate the relationship between MA systolic displacement/velocity and LV diastole.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 100 complete echocardiograms.
  • Inclusion criteria: good endocardial border resolution, M-mode (MAPSE), MA TDI S", and complete Doppler data for LV diastole assessment.

Main Results:

  • MA systolic displacement and velocity correlated with LV ejection fraction.
  • MA displacement associated with age and LV mass.
  • No correlation found between MAPSE and LV diastole; MA TDI S' correlated with MA relaxation velocities in early and late LV diastole.

Conclusions:

  • MA TDI S", a surrogate for LV ejection fraction, correlates with diastolic MA velocities.
  • MAPSE, also a surrogate for LV ejection fraction, does not correlate with LV diastolic measures.
  • Further research is needed to explore the prognostic implications of reduced MA TDI S' in LV diastolic dysfunction.