Trait-specific long-term consequences of genomic selection in beef cattle
Haroldo Henrique de Rezende Neves1,2, Roberto Carvalheiro1, Sandra Aidar de Queiroz3
1Departamento de Zootecnia, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences (FCAV), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/n, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884-900, Brazil.
Genetica
|November 10, 2017
Summary
Genomic selection (GS) in beef cattle significantly boosts genetic gain compared to traditional methods. A modified GS approach (wGBLUP) did not enhance long-term response but reduced inbreeding and preserved beneficial alleles.
Area of Science:
- Animal Genetics
- Quantitative Genetics
- Biotechnology
Background:
- Simulation studies are crucial for evaluating genetic selection strategies.
- Genomic selection (GS) offers potential for enhanced genetic gain and diversity management in livestock.
- Understanding long-term impacts of GS in beef cattle is vital for sustainable breeding programs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the long-term effects of genomic selection (GS) on genetic progress and diversity in beef cattle.
- To compare GS with traditional pedigree-based BLUP (PBLUP) selection over 15 generations.
- To evaluate an alternative GS criterion (wGBLUP) designed to favor low-frequency alleles.
Main Methods:
- Forward-in-time simulation of a beef cattle population with realistic linkage disequilibrium.
- Simulation of various GS and PBLUP selection scenarios for female reproduction and meat quality traits.
- Implementation and comparison of a weighted genomic BLUP (wGBLUP) criterion.
Main Results:
- GS achieved up to 40% greater genetic progress than PBLUP for both traits.
- The wGBLUP criterion did not improve long-term genetic response.
- wGBLUP effectively reduced inbreeding rates and the loss of favorable alleles.
Conclusions:
- Genomic selection surpasses traditional PBLUP in driving genetic gain in beef cattle.
- GS is particularly effective for traits with a less polygenic background.
- The wGBLUP approach shows promise for mitigating inbreeding and preserving genetic diversity within GS programs.
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