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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
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Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
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An Intravital Microscopy-Based Approach to Assess Intestinal Permeability and Epithelial Cell Shedding Performance
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Intestinal Permeability in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis.

M C Buscarinu1, S Romano1, R Mechelli1

  • 1Centre for Experimental Neurological Therapies, Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, via di Grottarossa, 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy.

Neurotherapeutics : the Journal of the American Society for Experimental Neurotherapeutics
|November 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Increased intestinal permeability (IP) is common in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), potentially linked to gut health and immune responses. Further research into IP could reveal new therapeutic strategies for MS.

Keywords:
Autoimmune comorbidityCeliac diseaseCrohn’ diseaseIntestinal permeabilityMucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cellsMultiple sclerosis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Intestinal permeability (IP) alterations are linked to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and celiac disease (CD).
  • Emerging evidence suggests a connection between IP and neurological conditions, including multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Previous research indicated increased IP precedes and exacerbates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a model for MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and nature of intestinal permeability changes in relapsing-remitting MS patients.
  • To explore the potential genetic influences on IP alterations in MS.
  • To examine the relationship between IP, gut microbiota, and MS pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of intestinal permeability in a cohort of relapsing-remitting MS patients.
  • Assessment of potential genetic factors influencing IP.
  • Correlation of IP data with clinical parameters and immune cell subsets, including mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells.

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of MS patients exhibit altered intestinal permeability.
  • IP changes in MS may involve a deficit in active absorption mechanisms.
  • Preliminary data suggest a possible genetic component influencing IP in MS.
  • A subset of gut-homing T cells (MAIT cells) may play a role in MS pathogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal permeability alterations are a frequent finding in relapsing-remitting MS.
  • Gut health and IP may contribute to MS development and progression.
  • Future research should focus on IP modulation for therapeutic benefit, understanding its link to microbiota and the blood-brain barrier, and identifying comorbidities like IBD and CD.