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Dual energy computed tomography for the head.

Norihito Naruto1, Toshihide Itoh2, Kyo Noguchi3

  • 1Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.

Japanese Journal of Radiology
|November 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Dual energy CT (DECT) offers improved brain disease diagnosis by creating multiple image types from one scan. This technology aids in identifying hemorrhage, reducing metal artifacts, and visualizing stroke without contrast dye.

Keywords:
Bone removalBrain hemorrhageDual energy CTDual source CTHeadMonoenergetic imageX-Map

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Dual energy CT (DECT) utilizes high and low kV data with material decomposition algorithms.
  • DECT allows for the generation of various image types from a single acquisition.
  • This technology enhances diagnostic capabilities for several brain diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic advantages of DECT in neuroimaging.
  • To explain the capabilities of DECT in generating different image contrasts and reducing artifacts.
  • To introduce novel applications like X-Map for stroke visualization.

Main Methods:

  • Employing two-material decomposition to differentiate bone/calcification from iodine.
  • Utilizing three-material decomposition to generate virtual non-contrast images.
  • Generating virtual monochromatic images to mitigate beam-hardening effects and metal artifacts.

Main Results:

  • Accurate separation of bone/calcification from iodine.
  • Generation of virtual non-contrast images for hemorrhage detection.
  • Potential for metal artifact reduction using virtual monochromatic images.
  • X-Map application enables visualization of ischemic stroke without contrast medium.

Conclusions:

  • DECT significantly improves diagnostic accuracy in brain diseases.
  • DECT offers versatile imaging capabilities, including virtual non-contrast and virtual monochromatic images.
  • Advanced DECT applications like X-Map provide novel diagnostic pathways, such as contrast-free stroke imaging.