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Information Structure Preferences in Focus-Sensitive Ellipsis: How Defaults Persist.

Jesse A Harris1, Katy Carlson2

  • 1University of California, Los Angeles, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals that while pitch accents guide focus in ellipsis, a default sentence-final focus position influences comprehension. This "enduring focus" impacts how listeners process sentence structure.

Keywords:
Information structurecontrastive pitch accentcorpusdefault focusellipsis

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Processing
  • Syntax and Semantics

Background:

  • Ellipsis structures, particularly those with focus-sensitive coordinators, pose challenges for auditory processing.
  • The interplay between overt accentuation and default focus marking in these structures is not fully understood.
  • Previous research suggests a preference for local correlates in remnant processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the roles of overt accent and default focus marking in processing ellipsis structures.
  • To examine how pitch accents and default focus positions interact in auditory comprehension.
  • To explore the phenomenon of 'enduring focus' in sentence processing.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of an auditory corpus of radio transcripts to identify patterns in accent and correlate/remnant pairing.
  • Two auditory naturalness ratings experiments to assess comprehension of ellipsis structures with varying accent placements.
  • Investigated production biases for local versus non-local correlates.

Main Results:

  • Ellipsis structures with focus-sensitive coordinators predominantly feature contrastive pitch accents on correlates and remnants.
  • A strong production bias favors pairing the remnant with the most locally available plausible correlate.
  • Overt accenting of non-local correlates partially mitigates, but does not eliminate, the comprehension preference for local correlates.

Conclusions:

  • A sentence-final default focus position contributes to the locality preference in remnant processing.
  • Auditory processing exhibits 'enduring focus,' where default focus positions influence structure even with overt accents.
  • Findings have implications for models of auditory sentence processing and the comprehension of ellipsis.