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Related Concept Videos

Stability of Conjugated Dienes01:28

Stability of Conjugated Dienes

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Introduction
A comparison of the enthalpies of hydrogenation of dienes reveals that conjugated dienes release less heat on hydrogenation, rendering them more stable than their nonconjugated analogs.
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Relative Stabilities of Alkenes01:59

Relative Stabilities of Alkenes

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The relative stability of alkenes can be determined by comparing their heats of hydrogenation. The lower heat of hydrogenation indicates the more stable alkene.  The three main factors determining the relative stability of alkenes are i) the number of substituents attached to the double-bond carbon atoms, ii) hyperconjugation, and iii) the stereochemistry of the double bond.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Polyhedrons via Origami-Like Self-Folding
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Protection from Below: Stabilizing Hydrogenated Graphene Using Graphene Underlayers.

Keith E Whitener1, Jeremy T Robinson2, Paul E Sheehan1

  • 1Chemistry Division, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory , Washington, D.C. 20375, United States.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|November 10, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graphene underlayers significantly slow the dehydrogenation of hydrogenated graphene. This protection enhances the stability of functionalized graphene materials against chemical and thermal degradation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Hydrogenated graphene is a promising material for various applications.
  • Understanding its stability is crucial for practical device implementation.
  • Degradation pathways, such as dehydrogenation, limit its long-term performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of graphene underlayers on the stability of hydrogenated graphene.
  • To explore the mechanisms of protection against chemical and thermal degradation.
  • To assess the potential for enhancing the longevity of functionalized graphene devices.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative studies of single-layer and bilayer hydrogenated graphene.
  • Exposure to various chemical oxidants (e.g., Br2, DDQ).
  • Thermal dehydrogenation experiments at 300 °C in H2/Ar.
  • Ambient environment degradation monitoring over extended periods.

Main Results:

  • Dehydrogenation is significantly slower in bilayer hydrogenated graphene compared to single-layer.
  • Graphene underlayers effectively protect hydrogenated graphene overlayers from oxidants and thermal degradation.
  • Protection efficacy varies with oxidant intercalation properties.
  • Thermal dehydrogenation rate reduced by ~10x with a graphene underlayer.
  • Complete elimination of room-temperature air degradation observed over 39 days with protective underlayers.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene underlayers provide substantial protection for hydrogenated graphene, significantly improving its stability.
  • This protective strategy is vital for realizing the long-term operational stability of functionalized graphene-based devices.
  • The findings offer a pathway to enhance the durability and reliability of graphene materials in practical applications.