3D neural tissue models: From spheroids to bioprinting

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biotechnology
• Tissue Engineering

Background:

• Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro neural tissue models offer superior recapitulation of in vivo cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions compared to traditional two-dimensional (2D) cultures.
• These advanced models hold significant potential for both mechanistic investigations and translational research in neuroscience.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in 3D in vitro neural tissue models.
• To highlight the role and potential of emerging bioprinted neural tissue structures.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on 3D in vitro neural tissue models.
• Focus on bioprinting technologies for constructing complex neural tissue.
• Analysis of merits and limitations of various models for different applications.

Main Results:

• Bioprinting enables the creation of controllable and repeatable 3D in vitro neural tissues.
• Bioprinted tissues can incorporate diverse cell types and complex microscale features.
• These models demonstrate tissue-level responses relevant to in vivo conditions.

Conclusions:

• Bioprinting represents a revolutionary approach for developing high-fidelity 3D neural tissue models.
• Further bioprinting research will refine existing models and enable more complex structures.
• Advanced bioprinted models are crucial for studying disease mechanisms, developing therapeutics, and promoting neural regeneration.