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A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

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Interfering With Inner Speech Selectively Disrupts Problem Solving and Is Linked With Real-World Executive

Gregory L Wallace¹, Cynthia S Peng¹, David Williams²

¹Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The George Washington University, DC.

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|November 10, 2017

Summary

Inner speech, or verbal thinking, specifically aids executive planning and self-monitoring. This finding supports inner speech as a potential therapeutic target for conditions involving executive function deficits.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology

Background:

Vygotskian theory posits verbal thinking guides behavior and self-regulation.
Existing research links inner speech to executive function (EF) performance.
Gaps remain in understanding inner speech's specific role in complex planning and real-world application.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the selective contribution of inner speech to executive planning.
To examine the link between inner speech, planning performance, and real-world functioning.

Main Methods:

Fifty-one adults performed the Tower of London task under articulatory suppression (interfering with inner speech) and foot tapping (motor control) conditions.
Participants completed self-report measures of real-world executive functioning.

Main Results:

Articulatory suppression selectively impaired Tower of London performance compared to foot tapping.
This selective impact on planning correlated with real-world self-monitoring abilities.

Conclusions:

Inner speech plays a specific role in executive planning, particularly in complex tasks.
Findings suggest inner speech is a viable intervention target for clinical disorders characterized by executive dysfunction.