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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
Published on: May 25, 2018
Diverse Class 2 CRISPR-Cas Effector Proteins for Genome Engineering Applications
Neena K Pyzocha1,2, Sidi Chen3,4,5,6,7,8
1Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States.
Abstract:
CRISPR-Cas genome editing technologies have revolutionized modern molecular biology by making targeted DNA edits simple and scalable. These technologies are developed by domesticating naturally occurring microbial adaptive immune systems that display wide diversity of functionality for targeted nucleic acid cleavage. Several CRISPR-Cas single effector enzymes have been characterized and engineered for use in mammalian cells. The unique properties of the single effector enzymes can make a critical difference in experimental use or targeting specificity. This review describes known single effector enzymes and discusses their use in genome engineering applications.
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