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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Incorporating Target Protein Structure Flexibility and Dynamics in Computational Drug Discovery Using Ensemble-Based Docking Analysis
Published on: June 20, 2025
FLIP: An assisting software in structure based drug design using fingerprint of protein-ligand interaction profiles
Ali Hajiebrahimi1, Younes Ghasemi1, Amirhossein Sakhteman2
1Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Abstract:
With the growing number of labor-intensive data in the pharmaceutical industries and public domain for protein-ligand complexes, a significant challenge is still remaining in managing and leveraging this vast information. Here, a standalone application is presented for analysis, organization, and illustration of structural data and molecular interactions for exploiting 3D-structures into simple 1D fingerprints. The utility of the approach was shown in unraveling a feasible solution for post-processing of docking results in parallel with providing fruitful analysis for users in order to investigate molecular interactions. Remarkably, all interaction possibilities including (hydrogen bond, water-bridged, electrostatic, and hydrophobic as well as π- π and cation-π interactions) are supported both in the form of fingerprints and compelling reports. These investigations are mainly considered based on right orientation, location, and geometry of the interacting pairs rather than the acquisition of the energy terms. The reasonable efficiency of our application in different models was comparable to recent methods It is clearly presented that FLIP provides a faster way to generate usable fingerprints for ligand and protein binding modes. FLIP is free for academic use and is available at: http://zistrayan.com/development/download/flip/package.zip.
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