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Related Concept Videos

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Study protocol for the Cities Changing Diabetes programme: a global mixed-methods approach.

A David Napier1, John J Nolan2, Malene Bagger3

  • 1Department of Anthropology, University College London, London, UK.

BMJ Open
|November 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urban living impacts health, with two-thirds of people with diabetes residing in cities. This research protocol examines type 2 diabetes drivers and complications in urban environments through the Cities Changing Diabetes (CCD) program.

Keywords:
characteristics, culturalcharacteristics, socialdiabetes mellitus, type 2mixed-methods researchresearch protocol

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Urban Health

Background:

  • Urbanization is increasing globally, with a significant proportion of individuals with diabetes residing in cities.
  • Type 2 diabetes, often linked to lifestyle factors, poses substantial health and societal consequences.
  • Diabetes complications, including vision loss and cardiovascular disease, remain prevalent worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a research protocol for investigating the drivers of type 2 diabetes in urban settings.
  • To explore the impact of urban living on diabetes development and its complications.
  • To inform interventions through the Cities Changing Diabetes (CCD) partnership programme.

Main Methods:

  • A global study protocol implemented across eight collaborating Cities Changing Diabetes (CCD) partner cities.
  • Quantitative Rule of Halves analysis to assess diabetes burden, diagnosis rates, and care outcomes.
  • Qualitative Diabetes Vulnerability Assessment to identify social and cultural determinants of diabetes in urban contexts.

Main Results:

  • The protocol facilitates data collection across multiple urban sites.
  • Collaboration between academic institutions, municipal representatives, and local stakeholders is central to the research.
  • Findings will be disseminated through scientific publications.

Conclusions:

  • The protocol provides a framework for understanding urban diabetes drivers and complications.
  • Multi-site data analysis will offer comprehensive insights into the global urban diabetes burden.
  • The research aims to improve health outcomes for urban populations affected by diabetes.