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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

A Simple Cell-based Immunofluorescence Assay to Detect Autoantibody Against the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate NMDA Receptor in Blood
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Anti-NMDAR encephalitis: case report and diagnostic issues.

Taishi Omura1, Seijiro Sonoda2, Katsuhiro Nagata1

  • 1Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center Tokyo Japan.

Acute Medicine & Surgery
|November 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis, a rare autoimmune disorder, can present with psychiatric symptoms and neurological deficits. Early diagnosis and treatment, including tumor resection and immunotherapy, are crucial for patient recovery.

Keywords:
Anti‐NMDAR encephalitisimmunotherapyintensive care unitslimbic encephalitisteratoma

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a severe autoimmune neurological disorder.
  • It is frequently associated with ovarian teratomas, particularly in young women.

Observation:

  • A 20-year-old woman presented with acute psychosis, altered consciousness, neck stiffness, facial dyskinesia, and abdominal distension.
  • Pelvic MRI revealed bilateral ovarian teratomas, and NMDAR antibodies were detected in her cerebrospinal fluid.

Findings:

  • Surgical resection of the ovarian teratomas and immunotherapy led to significant neurological recovery.
  • The patient was discharged with minimal deficits after 105 days of hospitalization.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering NMDAR encephalitis in young women with unexplained neurological and psychiatric symptoms.
  • Emergency physicians and intensivists must be aware of this treatable condition, which often requires intensive care management.
  • Prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary treatment, including tumor removal and immunotherapy, improve patient outcomes and reduce long-term neurological sequelae.