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Constrictive pericarditis presenting as pleural effusion of unknown origin
G Tomaselli1, G Gamsu, M S Stulbarg
1Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Archives of Internal Medicine
|January 1, 1989
Summary
Constrictive pericarditis can present as unexplained pleural effusion, a previously undescribed manifestation. This finding suggests adding constrictive pericarditis to the differential diagnosis for persistent pleural effusions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pulmonology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Constrictive pericarditis is often associated with pleural effusion.
- However, constrictive pericarditis presenting primarily as pleural effusion of unknown origin is rare and has not been previously documented.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe the novel presentation of constrictive pericarditis as unexplained pleural effusion.
- To retrospectively analyze cases of constrictive pericarditis to identify the frequency and characteristics of pleural effusion.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 30 patients diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis over six years.
- Review of clinical, laboratory features, and pleural fluid analysis in cases with pleural effusion.
Main Results:
- Pleural effusion was present in 60% (18/30) of patients with constrictive pericarditis.
- In 10% (3/30) of cases, unexplained pleural effusion was the primary reason for referral.
- Pleural fluid analysis showed a mix of exudates and transudates.
Conclusions:
- Unexplained pleural effusion can be the initial presenting manifestation of constrictive pericarditis.
- Constrictive pericarditis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with persistent, unexplained pleural effusions.