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Mouse models for human intestinal microbiota research: a critical evaluation.

Floor Hugenholtz1,2, Willem M de Vos3,4

  • 1Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, Building 124, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|November 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mouse models are crucial for studying intestinal microbiota, but significant differences in microbial gene identity and abundance between mice and humans limit direct translation. Mouse strain, provider, and genetics impact results, affecting study reproducibility.

Keywords:
DietMetagenomeMicrobiomeMurine modelsPhylogenyReproducibility

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Comparative Physiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Mouse models are extensively used to investigate host-microbe interactions within the intestinal microbiota.
  • Translating findings from mouse studies to human health requires understanding key differences in intestinal microbiota between species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the spatio-temporal similarities and differences of intestinal microbiota between mice and humans.
  • To analyze the impact of comparative physiology, diet, and genetics on host-microbe interactions.
  • To assess the influence of mouse strain, provider, and genetic background on microbiota composition.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic and metagenomic analysis of intestinal microbiota in mice and humans.
  • Comparative physiological assessment of the intestinal tract.
  • Evaluation of dietary patterns and genetic factors.

Main Results:

  • While common genera exist, their abundance differs significantly between human and murine intestines.
  • Only 4% of bacterial genes show considerable identity between human and mouse microbiota.
  • Mouse providers, rearing facilities, and genetic background substantially influence microbial composition.

Conclusions:

  • Significant differences in gene identity and abundance necessitate caution when extrapolating mouse microbiota data to humans.
  • Variability in mouse models, including strain and environmental factors, impacts experimental reproducibility.
  • Future research must account for these variables to accurately elucidate the effects of diet, genotype, and environment on microbial composition.