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Effect of Acorus calamus L. Polysaccharide on CD274 and CD326 Expression by Lewis Lung Carcinoma Cells in Mice
K A Lopatina1,2, E A Safonova3, K V Nevskaya4
1Laboratory of Oncopharmacology, E. D. Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Tomsk, Russia. k.lopatina@pharmso.ru.
Abstract:
Tumor cells can maintain their growth via immunosuppression and escape from host antitumor immunity by controlling the PD-1/PD-L1 system. Expression of PD-L1 (CD274) is an inhibitory signal for T cells, while the increase in CD326 expression in the tumor tissue correlates with metastasis development. The experimental preparation on the basis of α(1,2)-L-rhamno-α(1,4)-D-galactopyranosyluronan from Acorus calamus L. produces an antitumor effect: it reduces tumor node size and the number and area of metastases after transplantation of Lewis lung carcinoma. Using flow cytometry, we demonstrated a decrease in the population of tumor cells expressing surface CD274 (PD-L1) and CD326 antigens after 20-day course of α(1,2)-L-rhamno-α(1,4)-D-galactopyranosyluronan.
Insights
A natural compound from Acorus calamus L. reduced tumor growth and metastasis in Lewis lung carcinoma. This compound decreased tumor cell expression of PD-L1 (CD274) and CD326, key markers in immune evasion and metastasis.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Natural Product Chemistry
Background:
- Tumor cells evade host immunity through immunosuppression, often involving the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway.
- PD-L1 (CD274) expression on tumor cells inhibits T cell activity.
- CD326 expression is linked to tumor metastasis development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the antitumor effects of a specific polysaccharide from Acorus calamus L.
- To determine the impact of this compound on tumor growth, metastasis, and key immune evasion markers.
Main Methods:
- Lewis lung carcinoma was transplanted into experimental models.
- Mice were treated with an experimental preparation derived from α(1,2)-L-rhamno-α(1,4)-D-galactopyranosyluronan.
- Flow cytometry was used to analyze the expression of CD274 (PD-L1) and CD326 on tumor cells post-treatment.
Main Results:
- The Acorus calamus L. preparation significantly reduced tumor node size.
- A decrease in the number and area of metastases was observed.
- Flow cytometry confirmed a reduction in tumor cell populations expressing CD274 (PD-L1) and CD326.
Conclusions:
- The polysaccharide from Acorus calamus L. exhibits significant antitumor properties.
- The compound's mechanism may involve downregulating PD-L1 and CD326 expression, thereby potentially restoring anti-tumor immunity and inhibiting metastasis.
