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Detection accuracy for epithelial dysplasia using an objective autofluorescence visualization method based on the

Nanami Yamamoto1, Koji Kawaguchi1, Hisako Fujihara1,2

  • 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan.

International Journal of Oral Science
|November 11, 2017
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Summary

Objective autofluorescence visualization (AVM) accurately detects epithelial dysplasia in tongue lesions. This method shows high consistency with histopathology, suggesting its clinical utility for diagnosing conditions like leukoplakia and squamous cell carcinoma.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral pathology
  • Diagnostic imaging
  • Biophotonics

Background:

  • Epithelial dysplasia diagnosis is crucial for oral cancer prevention.
  • Autofluorescence visualization method (AVM) uses blue light to detect dysplasia as fluorescence visualization loss (FVL).
  • Objective assessment of AVM's accuracy for tongue lesions is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of objective autofluorescence visualization for epithelial dysplasia in tongue specimens.
  • To assess the clinical utility of AVM compared to subjective methods and iodine staining.

Main Methods:

  • Seventy-nine tongue specimens (suspected leukoplakia/SCC) were analyzed using subjective AVM (VELscope) and iodine staining.
  • Objective AVM was performed, and luminance ratios between lesions and healthy tissue were calculated.
  • Histopathological diagnosis was compared with AVM results using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to determine a cutoff value.

Main Results:

  • Objective AVM demonstrated high consistency with histopathological findings (kappa=0.656).
  • A luminance ratio cutoff of 1.62 distinguished dysplasia-positive from negative cases.
  • The luminance ratio was significantly higher in epithelial dysplasia-positive specimens (P<0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • Objective autofluorescence visualization shows significant potential as an auxiliary diagnostic tool for epithelial dysplasia.
  • AVM offers a more consistent diagnostic approach compared to subjective visualization and iodine staining.
  • This method may aid in the early detection and management of oral potentially malignant disorders.