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Functionalized carbon quantum dots with dopamine for tyrosinase activity analysis.

Jin-Jie Hu1, Xiao-Lin Bai2, Yi-Ming Liu3

  • 1Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.

Analytica Chimica Acta
|November 12, 2017
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Summary

A new fluorescent assay using dopamine-functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs-Dopa) enables sensitive detection of tyrosinase (TYR) activity. This method is valuable for diagnosing dermatological disorders and has potential for clinical applications.

Keywords:
Carbon quantum dotsFluorescence assayPhoto-induced electron transferTyrosinase

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Tyrosinase (TYR) is crucial in melanin synthesis and a biomarker for skin conditions like vitiligo and melanoma.
  • Sensitive assays for TYR activity are vital for dermatological research and clinical diagnostics.
  • Existing methods may lack sensitivity or require complex procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile and sensitive fluorescent assay for quantifying tyrosinase (TYR) activity.
  • To utilize dopamine-functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs-Dopa) as a probe for TYR detection.
  • To evaluate the assay's performance and potential for clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesized dopamine-functionalized carbon quantum dots (CQDs-Dopa) via a one-pot hydrothermal method.
  • Investigated the fluorescence properties of CQDs-Dopa, including emission wavelength and quantum yield.
  • Explored the fluorescence quenching mechanism of CQDs-Dopa upon interaction with TYR, involving oxidation and photo-induced electron transfer (PET).

Main Results:

  • The developed CQDs-Dopa probe exhibited fluorescence emission at 499 nm (excitation 310 nm) with a 2.1% quantum yield.
  • Tyrosinase activity led to fluorescence quenching of CQDs-Dopa due to O-dopaquinone formation and PET.
  • The assay demonstrated two linear ranges (44.4–711.1 U L⁻¹ and 711.1–2925.4 U L⁻¹) with a low detection limit of 17.7 U L⁻¹.
  • Successfully applied the assay to measure TYR activity in human serum samples.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, sensitive, and facile fluorescent assay for tyrosinase activity was successfully developed using CQDs-Dopa.
  • The assay mechanism relies on TYR-induced oxidation of dopamine and subsequent fluorescence quenching.
  • The proposed method shows significant potential for the accurate and reliable assessment of TYR activity in clinical settings.