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Related Concept Videos

Neuroplasticity01:01

Neuroplasticity

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Neuroplasticity reflects the brain's remarkable capacity to adapt and evolve, responding dynamically to learning, experiences, or injury by reorganizing its neural circuitry. This reorganization involves creating new neural connections and refining old ones through a series of biological processes that contribute to the brain's lifelong development and adaptability.
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Auditory Pathway01:15

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Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
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Plasticity00:58

Plasticity

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Plasticity is the property where an object loses its elasticity and undergoes irreversible deformation, even after the deformation forces are eliminated. If a material deforms irreversibly without increasing stress or load, then this is called ideal plasticity. For example, when a force is applied to an aluminum rod, it changes its shape, but it does not return to its original shape once the force is removed. Plastic deformation or ductility is thus a permanent deformation or change in the...
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Hearing01:31

Hearing

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When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
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The Cochlea01:13

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The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
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Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

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The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
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Provision of interaural time difference information in chronic intracochlear electrical stimulation enhances neural sensitivity to these differences in neonatally deafened cats.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition
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A Method to Study Adaptation to Left-Right Reversed Audition

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Plasticity in the auditory system.

Dexter R F Irvine1

  • 1Bionics Institute, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Hearing Research
|November 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Auditory system plasticity, the brain

Keywords:
AttentionHearing lossNeuromodulatorsPerceptual learningStimulus-specific adaptationSynaptic weights

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory System Plasticity
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • Auditory input manipulations induce plasticity in auditory cortical and subcortical structures.
  • Plasticity in the auditory system ranges from rapid adaptation to long-term changes from hearing loss or learning.
  • Auditory cortex plasticity is influenced by attention, memory, and learning strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence for plasticity in the adult auditory system.
  • To emphasize plasticity in the auditory cortex.
  • To explore the adaptive and maladaptive forms of auditory plasticity and their therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on auditory plasticity.
  • Emphasis on studies involving adult humans.
  • Analysis of changes in auditory cortex related to various auditory experiences.

Main Results:

  • Auditory plasticity is widespread, rapid, and long-term, affecting auditory cortical and subcortical structures.
  • Adaptive plasticity optimizes auditory performance, while maladaptive plasticity is linked to tinnitus.
  • Learning-related plasticity in humans includes language, music, and cochlear implant use.

Conclusions:

  • Auditory plasticity involves changes in synaptic balance and neuronal connectivity.
  • Dynamic multiplexing offers a model for learning-related plasticity.
  • The auditory cortex is part of distributed networks integrating auditory information with cognitive processes.