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Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

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Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Quantifying the Heterogeneous Distribution of a Synaptic Protein in the Mouse Brain Using Immunofluorescence

Quantifying the Heterogeneous Distribution of a Synaptic Protein in the Mouse Brain Using Immunofluorescence

Published on: January 29, 2019

Objective quantification of nanoscale protein distributions.

Miklos Szoboszlay^1,2, Tekla Kirizs^1,2, Zoltan Nusser³

¹Laboratory of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.

Scientific Reports

|November 12, 2017

Summary

This study introduces GoldExt, an open-source software for analyzing nanoscale protein distribution in neurons. It reveals that a single measure effectively distinguishes between random, uniform, and clustered molecular patterns within nerve cells.

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Last Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Quantifying the Heterogeneous Distribution of a Synaptic Protein in the Mouse Brain Using Immunofluorescence

Quantifying the Heterogeneous Distribution of a Synaptic Protein in the Mouse Brain Using Immunofluorescence

Published on: January 29, 2019

Proteome-wide Quantification of Labeling Homogeneity at the Single Molecule Level

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Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Characterizing Individual Protein Aggregates by Infrared Nanospectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy

Published on: September 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biophysics
Computational Biology

Background:

The functional roles of neurons depend on the nanoscale distribution of molecules within subcellular compartments like synapses.
Existing methods for analyzing protein spatial arrangement lack comprehensive comparative analysis of their effectiveness.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce GoldExt, an open-source software tool for quantifying nanoscale protein distribution in neuronal subcellular compartments.
To compare the effectiveness of various measures and clustering algorithms for analyzing molecular spatial patterns.
To apply validated methods to experimental data to characterize protein distribution in synapses.

Main Methods:

Development and implementation of the GoldExt software with multiple quantification measures.
Comparative analysis of five distinct measures using simulated uniform, clustered, and random point patterns.
Evaluation of clustering algorithms on simulated datasets with known cluster numbers.
Application of selected methods to experimental data from nerve cells.

Main Results:

GoldExt provides numerous measures for quantifying nanoscale protein distribution.
A single measure was found sufficient to differentiate between random, uniform, and clustered point patterns.
Analysis of experimental data revealed diverse nanoscale distribution patterns (random, uniform, clustered) for pre- and postsynaptic proteins.

Conclusions:

GoldExt is a valuable open-source tool for analyzing nanoscale molecular distributions in neurons.
The study validates the effectiveness of specific analytical measures for characterizing protein organization.
Diverse nanoscale distribution patterns exist for synaptic proteins, impacting neuronal function.