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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
Published on: August 17, 2022
Update in Parathyroid Imaging
Samuel J Kuzminski1, Julie A Sosa2, Jenny K Hoang3
1Department of Radiological Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Medicine, PO Box 2690, Garrison Tower, Suite 4G4250, Oklahoma City, OK 73126, USA.
Abstract:
Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by excessive, dysregulated production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by 1 or more abnormal parathyroid glands. Minimally invasive surgical techniques have created a need for more precise localization of the parathyroid lesion by imaging. A variety of imaging protocols and techniques have been used for this purpose, but no one modality is clearly superior. Nuclear medicine scintigraphy and ultrasound imaging are established modalities, although multiphase or 4-dimensional computed tomography is an emerging modality with several advantages. This review provides a background regarding PHPT and key anatomy, and discusses these alternative parathyroid imaging modalities with updates.
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