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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Database-guided Flow-cytometry for Evaluation of Bone Marrow Myeloid Cell Maturation

Published on: November 3, 2018

Acute Myeloid Leukemia Immunophenotyping by Flow Cytometric Analysis.

Xueyan Chen¹, Sindhu Cherian¹

¹Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine

|November 13, 2017

Summary

Flow cytometry is crucial for diagnosing acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This review covers immunophenotyping strategies, antibody panels, and markers for AML subclassification and minimal residual disease detection.

Keywords:

Acute myeloid leukemia Flow cytometry Minimal residual disease Mixed phenotype acute leukemia

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Immunology
Clinical Pathology

Background:

Flow cytometry is essential for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) diagnosis and subclassification.
Multiparametric flow cytometry offers efficient and highly sensitive immunophenotyping.
Accurate subclassification aids in treatment selection and prognosis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the utility of flow cytometry in acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
To outline general gating strategies and antibody panels for routine AML analysis.
To discuss markers for lineage assignment and differential diagnosis of challenging AML entities.

Main Methods:

Review of established flow cytometry protocols and literature.
Description of multiparametric immunophenotyping approaches.
Analysis of diagnostic immunophenotypic features for AML subclassification.

Main Results:

Standardized gating strategies and antibody panels facilitate efficient AML diagnosis.
Specific markers aid in lineage assignment and identification of difficult-to-classify AML cases.
Flow cytometry principles for minimal residual disease detection are presented.

Conclusions:

Flow cytometry immunophenotyping is a cornerstone in AML diagnosis and subclassification.
Comprehensive antibody panels and strategic gating improve diagnostic accuracy.
The technique is valuable for monitoring treatment response through minimal residual disease detection.