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Insular subdivisions functional connectivity dysfunction within major depressive disorder.

Xiaolong Peng1, Pan Lin1, Xiaoping Wu2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China; National Engineering Research Center of Health Care and Medical Devices, Xi'an Jiaotong University Branch, Xi'an 710049, China.

Journal of Affective Disorders
|November 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is linked to altered brain connectivity in the insula. This study found specific insular network disruptions in MDD patients, correlating with symptom severity, offering insights into the disorder's neural basis.

Keywords:
Functional connectivityInsular subdivisionsMajor depressive disorderResting state

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent mental disorder marked by cognitive and emotional impairments.
  • The insula plays a key role in the brain's salience network, crucial for switching between cognitive states.
  • Dysfunctional insular connectivity is hypothesized to contribute to the pathophysiology of MDD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate and quantify altered functional connectivity (FC) in specific insular subdivisions in MDD patients.
  • To explore the relationship between these insular connectivity alterations and the severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) was assessed in 19 MDD patients and 19 healthy controls.
  • FC was estimated for bilateral ventral/dorsal anterior insula and posterior insula subdivisions.
  • Group differences in FC were quantified, and correlations with depression/anxiety symptom scores were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • MDD patients exhibited aberrant FC between insular subdivisions and regions including the superior temporal sulcus, inferior prefrontal gyrus, amygdala, and posterior parietal cortex.
  • Significant associations were found between insular FC values and scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale.

Conclusions:

  • Altered insular connectivity to default and central executive networks in MDD may indicate impaired intrinsic network switching.
  • These findings suggest a potential neural mechanism underlying emotional and sensory disturbances in MDD.
  • The study contributes to understanding the pathophysiology and neural underpinnings of major depressive disorder.