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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

Murine Model of Epicutaneously-Induced Immunomodulation
Published on: June 24, 2025
Treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria: Immunomodulatory approaches
Laurence de Montjoye1, Anne Herman1, Jean-François Nicolas2
1Department of Dermatology, Saint-Luc University Hospital, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Pole of Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract:
This paper summarizes and reviews the mechanisms of action and data concerning efficacy of recommended treatments as well as other treatments that have been tested, independently of the outcomes, in the management of chronic spontaneous urticaria. Due to the central role of mast cells, basophils and histamine in the pathophysiology of this disease, H1-antihistamines remain the first-line treatment. However, current knowledge about this complex disease, also recognizes an important role for T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and autoantibodies. Implications of these others mediators thus provide further targets for treatment. Indeed, agents previously used to treat other autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, have demonstrated efficacy in chronic spontaneous urticaria and are therefore potential therapeutic alternatives for antihistamine unresponsive patients.
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