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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation01:23

Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation

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Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...
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Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion01:18

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Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
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X-ray Imaging01:24

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German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with...
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Introduction
The abdominal examination is a cornerstone of clinical medicine, serving as a critical tool in diagnosing various gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. It involves a systematic approach that includes inspection and auscultation, each with distinct yet complementary roles in assessing the abdomen. This article will delve into these two primary methods healthcare professionals use to examine the abdomen.
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Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
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Related Experiment Video

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Diaphragmatic Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition and Interpretation
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Portable abdomen radiography: moving to thickness-based protocols.

Adrian A Sánchez1, Ingrid Reiser2, Tina Baxter2

  • 1Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., MC2026, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. adrianalberto@uchicago.edu.

Pediatric Radiology
|November 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Transitioning pediatric portable abdomen radiography protocols from age-based to thickness-based techniques ensures optimal image quality and radiation dose. This study developed new protocols based on patient thickness for improved pediatric imaging.

Keywords:
AbdomenChildrenExposure indexImage qualityPortable radiographyProtocol designRadiographyRadiography protocols

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Radiography
  • Pediatric Radiology

Background:

  • Current pediatric digital radiography protocols often rely on patient age, which is an inadequate measure of body size.
  • Patient size is the primary factor influencing appropriate imaging techniques.
  • Default age-based protocols can lead to overexposure, poor image quality, and repeat scans in pediatric patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To implement thickness-based protocols for pediatric portable abdomen radiography.
  • To achieve diagnostic image quality while managing patient radiation exposure effectively.

Main Methods:

  • Collected data on patient thickness, exposure factors (mAs, kVp), exposure index (EI), and equipment settings for pediatric portable abdomen radiographs.
  • Utilized a combination of automated and manual data collection methods.
  • Developed thickness-based protocols using a database of collected exam data to ensure consistent image quality (EI) across different patient thicknesses.

Main Results:

  • Retrospective analysis revealed significant variability in exposure index (EI) for pediatric portable exams at adult-focused hospitals compared to the pediatric hospital.
  • Over a 4-month period, approximately 800 pediatric portable abdomen exams were collected at the pediatric hospital.
  • A thickness-based technique chart was successfully developed based on the collected data.

Conclusions:

  • Successfully developed thickness-based techniques for pediatric portable abdomen radiography.
  • Automated data retrieval from digital radiography exposure logs and patient thickness measurements were key to protocol development.