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Isabel Pardo García1, Elisa Amo Saus, Ana Pilar Martínez Valero

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios. Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha. Isabel.pardo@uclm.es.

Nutricion Hospitalaria
|November 14, 2017
PubMed
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Malnutrition in older adults significantly increases healthcare costs, with pre-existing malnutrition being more expensive than illness-related cases. Prevention and early detection are crucial for managing these economic burdens.

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Malnutrition is prevalent in older adults due to age-related physiological and psychosocial changes.
  • Chronic and acute illnesses exacerbate malnutrition in the elderly, leading to illness-related malnutrition.
  • The aging population presents a growing challenge for nutritional support and healthcare resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the economic costs associated with malnutrition in the elderly population.
  • To compare the economic impact of pre-existing malnutrition versus illness-related malnutrition.
  • To identify cost-saving strategies through nutritional interventions in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across major scientific databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus).

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  • The search covered publications from 2000 to 2016, focusing on economic costs of malnutrition in the elderly.
  • Nineteen articles were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria for detailed analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Malnutrition, in general, elevates healthcare expenditures through increased hospital admissions and readmissions.
    • Eleven studies focused on the costs of pre-existing malnutrition, while seven examined costs of illness-related malnutrition.
    • One study addressed the economic implications of both pre-existing and illness-related malnutrition.

    Conclusions:

    • Malnutrition significantly increases healthcare costs due to higher utilization of health resources.
    • Pre-existing malnutrition in older adults incurs greater economic costs compared to malnutrition arising from illness.
    • Implementing targeted nutritional screening and preventive strategies for elderly malnutrition is recommended to mitigate healthcare costs.