Aptamer selection and applications for breast cancer diagnostics and therapy

Area of Science:

• Biotechnology
• Molecular Biology
• Oncology

Background:

• Aptamers are single-stranded DNA or RNA oligonucleotides selected via Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential enrichment (SELEX).
• Aptamers function similarly to antibodies, offering high specificity and affinity for target molecules.
• They present advantages over antibodies, including non-immunogenicity, stability, low-cost production, and ease of modification, earning them the name "chemical antibodies".

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review various aptamer selection methods.
• To present aptamer-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for breast cancer.
• To discuss current challenges and future perspectives in aptamer research for breast cancer.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of aptamer selection techniques.
• Analysis of aptamer-nanomaterial conjugates for breast cancer applications.
• Discussion of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies utilizing aptamers.

Main Results:

• Numerous aptamers targeting breast cancer biomarkers and cells have been successfully selected.
• Aptamer-nanomaterial conjugates show significant potential in breast cancer diagnostics and targeted therapy.
• Aptamers offer a versatile platform for developing novel breast cancer interventions.

Conclusions:

• Aptamers are highly promising tools for advancing breast cancer diagnostics and therapy.
• Further research into aptamer selection and application is crucial for overcoming current challenges.
• The field holds significant potential for developing innovative and effective breast cancer treatments.