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Association between allergic and nonallergic rhinitis and obstructive sleep apnea.
Ming Zheng1,2, Xiangdong Wang1,2, Luo Zhang1,2,3
1Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University.
Current Opinion in Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|November 15, 2017
Summary
Allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis are linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). These conditions can worsen each other, impacting treatment effectiveness, especially in children.
Area of Science:
- Otorhinolaryngology
- Sleep Medicine
- Immunology
Background:
- Allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis (NAR) are prevalent conditions.
- These nasal disorders have been investigated as potential contributors to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathophysiological mechanisms linking rhinitis and OSA.
- To enhance understanding of the relationship between these conditions.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article.
- The review synthesizes current research on the interplay between rhinitis and OSA.
Main Results:
- In adults, rhinitis may potentiate OSA symptoms, not act as a primary risk factor.
- In children, rhinitis is an independent predictor of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and treatment failure for OSA.
- Mechanisms involve IL-6, Th17/Treg imbalance, leptin, and reflex pathways.
Conclusions:
- Allergic rhinitis/NAR and OSA share a close association.
- Each condition can negatively impact the other.
- Clinicians should consider co-existing rhinitis in OSA patients and vice versa.
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