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Ocular Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials: Where Are We Now?
1Saarland University Medical Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Summary
Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) are a new clinical test for otolith function, primarily assessing the utricle. This review updates neurophysiological foundations and clinical applications for interpreting oVEMP responses.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Otolaryngology
- Vestibular System
Background:
- Ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) have emerged as a significant clinical tool over the past decade.
- These potentials primarily assess dynamic otolith function, with a strong emphasis on the utricle.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an updated review of the neurophysiological underpinnings of oVEMPs.
- To discuss the implications for recording and interpreting oVEMP responses in clinical settings.
Main Methods:
- Review of anatomical, neurophysiological, and clinical evidence.
- Analysis of stimuli commonly used for oVEMPs, including bone-conducted vibration (BCV) and air-conducted sound (ACS).
- Examination of recommended stimulus parameters, such as short rise times.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests oVEMPs predominantly reflect contralateral utricular function.
- Cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) are identified as indicators of ipsilateral saccular function.
- Optimal oVEMP responses are achieved with short stimuli and short rise times.
Conclusions:
- oVEMPs offer valuable insights into utricular function.
- The review covers clinical applications and interpretation for conditions like vestibular neuritis, Ménière's disease, and superior canal dehiscence.
- Guidance is provided for interpreting oVEMPs in challenging patient cases.
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