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Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

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Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
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NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines01:19

NMR Spectroscopy Of Amines

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In proton NMR spectroscopy, primary amines and secondary amines showcase their N–H protons as a broad signal in the chemical shift range between δ 0.5 and 5 ppm. The exact position in this range depends on several factors, including sample concentration, hydrogen bonding, and the type of solvent used. Since amine protons undergo fast proton exchange in solution, the protons are labile and therefore do not participate in any splitting with adjacent protons. Thus, the observed peak is...
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Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test01:23

Amines to Sulfonamides: The Hinsberg Test

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The Hinsberg test is a method to identify primary, secondary and tertiary amines, named after its pioneer, Oscar Hinsberg. Here, amines are treated with benzenesulfonyl chloride, also known as the Hinsberg reagent, in the presence of an excess of aqueous base, followed by acidification. Based on the nature of the amines, different changes are observed.
Generally, a primary amine reacts with the Hinsberg reagent to produce an N-substituted benzenesulfonamide. The electron-withdrawing sulfonyl...
4.5K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors01:15

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Types of Detectors

1.8K
The role of the detectors in High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is to analyze the solutes as they exit from the chromatographic column. The detector recognizes the solute's property and generates corresponding electrical signals, which are converted into a readable graph of the detector's response versus elution time called a chromatogram at the computer. There are several types of HPLC detectors, each with its own advantages and limitations, depending on the analyte...
1.8K
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab01:21

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Lab

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For AAS measurements, samples must be introduced as clear solutions, often requiring extensive preliminary treatment to dissolve materials like soils, animal tissues, and minerals. Common methods for sample preparation include treatment with hot mineral acids, wet ashing, combustion in closed containers, high-temperature ashing, or fusion with reagents.
 Solutions containing organic solvents, such as low-molecular-mass alcohols, esters, or ketones, enhance absorbances by increasing...
1.1K
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

4.7K
Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
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Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
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A rapid detection method for policy-sensitive amines real-time supervision.

Haixu Zhang1, Jinian Shu1, Bo Yang2

  • 1State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China.

Talanta
|November 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces an online method for detecting organic amines at parts per trillion levels using vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry with dichloromethane doping. This technique significantly enhances sensitivity for policy-sensitive compounds.

Keywords:
AmineDopingIllicit drugMass spectrometryOnline detectionPhotoionization

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Environmental Science
  • Forensic Science

Background:

  • Organic amines, particularly aromatic ones, pose risks due to toxicity and societal harm.
  • Current detection methods for these amines are predominantly offline, limiting real-time monitoring capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an online, parts-per-trillion (pptv) level detection method for aromatic amines.
  • To enhance the sensitivity and efficiency of amine detection using a novel doping technique with mass spectrometry.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometer (VUV-PIMS).
  • Implemented a new dichloromethane doping technique to assist photoionization.
  • Recorded and analyzed mass spectra of various amines and their isomers.

Main Results:

  • Dichloromethane doping enhanced amine signal intensities by 60-130 times.
  • Achieved high sensitivity for aniline (4.0 countspptv⁻¹) and benzylamine (2.7 countspptv⁻¹) with low limits of detection (36 and 22 pptv, respectively).
  • Demonstrated potential for tenfold improvement in detection efficiency by optimizing ion transmission.

Conclusions:

  • Dichloromethane doping-assisted VUV-PIMS offers a highly sensitive and promising online approach for amine detection.
  • The method shows significant potential for applications in environmental monitoring, judicial supervision, and biological fields.