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Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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[Anesthesia and Alzheimer disease - Current perceptions].

Ana Filipa Vieira da Silva Ferreira Marques1, Teresa Alexandra Santos Carvalho Lapa2

  • 1Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), Coimbra, Portugal.

Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Elsevier)
|November 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The link between anesthesia and Alzheimer disease risk is unclear. Further research, including clinical trials, is needed to understand if anesthetic agents contribute to cognitive decline and Alzheimer disease.

Keywords:
Alzheimer diseaseAnestesia geralDisfunção cognitiva pós‐operatóriaDoença de AlzheimerGeneral anesthesiaPostoperative cognitive dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Alzheimer disease (AD) affects 5% of individuals over 65, with age as the primary risk factor.
  • Anesthesia and surgery are being investigated for potential links to long-term cognitive effects, including AD.
  • While animal studies suggest neurotoxicity from anesthesia, human data remain inconclusive.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss pre-clinical and clinical evidence on anesthesia and Alzheimer disease.
  • To evaluate the current understanding of the relationship between anesthetic agents and AD development.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review was conducted using the PubMed database.
  • Articles published between 2005 and 2016 (with one from 1998) addressing anesthesia and Alzheimer disease were selected.
  • 49 relevant scientific articles were included in the review.

Main Results:

  • The review synthesizes existing data on the potential association between anesthesia and Alzheimer disease.
  • Current evidence does not definitively establish anesthesia as a risk factor for Alzheimer disease in humans.
  • The neurotoxic potential of anesthetic agents in relation to Alzheimer disease requires further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • The relationship between anesthetic agents, cognitive dysfunction, and Alzheimer disease is not yet fully understood.
  • More robust research, such as prospective cohort studies and randomized clinical trials, is necessary.
  • Clarifying this association is crucial for patient safety and understanding Alzheimer disease etiology.