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Hypodermis

Hypodermis

The hypodermis (the subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia) is present directly below the dermis. It connects the skin to the underlying fascia (fibrous tissue) of the bones and muscles. It is not strictly a part of the skin, although the border between the hypodermis and dermis can be difficult to distinguish. The hypodermis consists of well-vascularized, loose, areolar connective tissue and adipose tissue, which functions as a mode of fat storage and provides insulation and cushioning for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Author Spotlight: Semi-Automated Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Murine White Adipose Tissue Using a Tissue Dissociator

Author Spotlight: Semi-Automated Isolation of the Stromal Vascular Fraction from Murine White Adipose Tissue Using a Tissue Dissociator

Published on: May 19, 2023

Adipose tissue complement factor B promotes adipocyte maturation.

Hiroaki Matsunaga¹, Misaki Iwashita¹, Takanori Shinjo¹

¹Section of Periodontology, Kyushu University Faculty of Dental Science, Fukuoka, Japan.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

|November 16, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Complement factor B (CfB) is crucial for adipocyte differentiation and lipid droplet formation. This study reveals CfB

Keywords:

Adipocyte maturation Complement factor B Obesity

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Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

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Published on: May 19, 2023

Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

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Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice

Differentiation and Imaging of Brown Adipocytes from the Stromal Vascular Fraction of Interscapular Adipose Tissue from Newborn Mice

Published on: February 3, 2023

Area of Science:

Immunology
Metabolic Research
Cell Biology

Background:

The complement system is vital for host immunity.
Complement factor B (CfB) and related molecules are linked to obesity and insulin resistance.
The specific role of adipocyte-derived CfB in adipose tissue metabolism requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of adipocyte-derived complement factor B (CfB) in adipose tissue metabolism.
To examine the expression of complement system-related genes in adipocytes.
To elucidate the function of CfB in adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism.

Main Methods:

Investigated complement system-related gene expression in adipocytes.
Performed Cfb overexpression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.
Generated adipocyte-specific Cfb transgenic mice.

Main Results:

Cfb expression increased in adipocytes co-cultured with macrophages after endotoxin stimulation.
Cfb overexpression enhanced adipocyte differentiation/maturation genes (Pparγ, adipocyte Protein 2, perilipin).
Cfb transgenic mice exhibited increased expression of Pparγ, perilipin, Srebp-1c, and Cd36 in subcutaneous adipose tissue.

Conclusions:

Complement factor B (CfB) plays a critical role in the late stages of adipocyte differentiation.
CfB is essential for subsequent lipid droplet formation in adipocytes.