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Potential Exposure and Cancer Risk from Formaldehyde Emissions from Installed Chinese Manufactured Laminate Flooring.
Patrick Sheehan1, Ankur Singhal1, Kenneth T Bogen1
1Exponent, Inc., Oakland, CA, USA.
Risk Analysis : an Official Publication of the Society for Risk Analysis
|November 16, 2017
Summary
Formaldehyde emissions from Lumber Liquidators Chinese laminate flooring were assessed. Cancer risk evaluations indicate virtually no risk to consumers, even with elevated formaldehyde levels.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Toxicology
- Consumer Product Safety
Background:
- Lumber Liquidators (LL) Chinese laminate flooring (CLF) is prevalent in over 400,000 U.S. homes.
- Concerns exist regarding formaldehyde exposure and potential cancer risks associated with CLF.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize formaldehyde emissions from LL CLF.
- To estimate potential cancer risks for residents exposed to formaldehyde from LL CLF.
Main Methods:
- Collected chamber emissions data from new and installed LL CLF.
- Utilized a mass-balance model to estimate formaldehyde concentrations and exposures in homes.
- Applied California Proposition 65 and EPA cancer risk models.
Main Results:
- New CLF had higher emission rates than installed CLF (average 61.3 μg/m²-hr).
- Estimated daily formaldehyde inhalation exposure was 17 μg/day, below Proposition 65 "no significant risk level."
- Estimated lifetime cancer risk was low, with 95th percentile at 1.2 per 100,000.
Conclusions:
- Formaldehyde emissions from LL CLF are generally low, especially after installation.
- Current data and nonlinear models suggest LL CLF formaldehyde emissions pose virtually no cancer risk to consumers.
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