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Association between structural brain network efficiency and intelligence increases during adolescence.

Marinka M G Koenis1, Rachel M Brouwer1, Suzanne C Swagerman2

  • 1Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Human Brain Mapping
|November 16, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain network efficiency increases during adolescence and is linked to higher intelligence. Genetic factors increasingly influence this association as individuals mature.

Keywords:
DTIIQMRIadolescencedevelopmentheritabilityintelligencelongitudinalnetworkpuberty

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Adolescence involves significant brain development, including white matter maturation and increased structural brain network efficiency.
  • Higher structural brain network efficiency is associated with greater intelligence.
  • The developmental trajectory of structural network efficiency and its relationship with intelligence, including genetic and environmental influences, remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the development of structural brain network efficiency and intelligence during adolescence.
  • To determine the extent to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to the association between brain network efficiency and intelligence.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study involving 310 twins and their siblings was conducted, with brain imaging at ages 10, 13, and 18 years.
  • Fractional Anisotropy (FA)-weighted efficiency of the structural brain network was mapped.
  • Structural equation modeling was used to estimate genetic and environmental contributions.

Main Results:

  • Brain network efficiency exhibited non-linear development, increasing from age 10 to 13 and stabilizing between 13 and 18 years.
  • Higher intelligence in adolescents correlated with greater global and local brain network efficiency.
  • The association between global network efficiency and IQ strengthened with age, and genetic factors explained up to 87% of this correlation by age 18.

Conclusions:

  • The brain's structural network differentiates based on IQ during adolescence.
  • Genes associated with intelligence increasingly influence brain network efficiency from late childhood to adulthood.