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Titanium Activates the DNA Damage Response Pathway in Oral Epithelial Cells: A Pilot Study
The International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants
|November 16, 2017
Summary
Dental implant placement can release titanium (Ti) particles, which may disrupt oral epithelial cell homeostasis. These Ti debris particles activate DNA damage response (DDR) signaling, potentially compromising the oral epithelial barrier.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Oral Biology
- Cellular Toxicology
Background:
- Dental implants are widely used for tooth replacement.
- Titanium (Ti) is a common material for dental implants.
- Potential release of Ti debris during implant placement warrants investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of titanium particles on oral epithelial cell homeostasis.
- To evaluate the potential for dental implants to release Ti debris during insertion.
Main Methods:
- Dental implants with various surface treatments were used to test particle release.
- Isolated Ti particles were co-cultured with oral epithelial cells for 48 hours.
- Immunofluorescence assays detected DNA damage response (DDR) activation via CHK2 and BRCA1 markers.
Main Results:
- Ti particles from phosphate-enriched titanium oxide (PETO), fluoride-modified (FM), and grit-blasted (GB) surfaces activated CHK2 and BRCA1.
- Grit-blasted (GB) surfaces released Ti particles during implant placement.
- Ti particles triggered DNA damage response (DDR) signaling in oral epithelial cells.
Conclusions:
- Titanium debris can detach from implants during placement.
- Free Ti particles can initiate DDR signaling in oral epithelial cells.
- Released Ti debris may disrupt epithelial homeostasis and compromise the oral epithelial barrier.
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