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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Cystometric and External Urethral Sphincter Measurements in Awake Rats with Implanted Catheter and Electrodes Allowing for Repeated Measurements

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Urodynamic measurements reflect physiological bladder function in rats.

Marc P Schneider^1,2,3, Andrea M Sartori¹, Juliane Tampé¹

¹Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.

Neurourology and Urodynamics

|November 16, 2017

Summary

Urodynamic measurements in awake rats accurately assess bladder function, comparable to metabolic cages. Catheter implantation did not alter physiological bladder function, validating this method for research.

Keywords:

circadian rhythm metabolic cage neuro-urology rat urodynamics

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Area of Science:

Urology
Animal Models
Physiology

Background:

Assessing lower urinary tract function is crucial for understanding bladder disorders.
Metabolic cages and urodynamic measurements are common methods for evaluating bladder function in animal models.
Comparing these methods is essential for validating research approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare bladder function in rats using metabolic cages versus urodynamic measurements in awake animals.
To determine if catheter implantation for urodynamics affects physiological bladder function.
To validate urodynamic measurements in awake animals as a reliable method for studying lower urinary tract function.

Main Methods:

Female Lewis rats were studied using metabolic cages at baseline.
Urodynamic measurements were performed in fully awake rats after catheter and electromyography electrode implantation.
Bladder function was reassessed using metabolic cages post-implantation.

Main Results:

Voided volume, average flow, and voiding duration were similar between metabolic cage and urodynamic measurements.
Catheter implantation did not significantly alter physiological bladder function (P > 0.05).
Significant differences in voided volumes were observed between light and dark cycles in metabolic cage measurements.

Conclusions:

Lower urinary tract function assessment by metabolic cage or urodynamics in awake rats yielded indistinguishable results.
Urodynamic measurements in awake animals are a valid approach for studying lower urinary tract function.
This method directly parallels human diagnostic procedures, making it suitable for health and disease research in animal models.