The efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) immunotherapy in animal models for solid tumors: A systematic review
Yingcheng Wu1, Ran Xu1, Keren Jia1
1Medical School of Nantong University, Jiangsu, China.
Background:
Most recently, an emerging theme in the field of tumor immunology predominates: chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy in treating solid tumors. The number of related preclinical trials was surging. However, an evaluation of the effects of preclinical studies remained absent. Hence, a meta-analysis was conducted on the efficacy of CAR in animal models for solid tumors.
Methods:
The authors searched PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google scholar up to April 2017. HR for survival was extracted based on the survival curve. The authors used fixed effect models to combine the results of all the trials. Heterogeneity was assessed by I-square statistic. Quality assessment was conducted following the Stroke Therapy Academic Industry Roundtable standard. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test.
Results:
Eleven trials were included, including 54 experiments with a total of 362 animals involved. CAR immunotherapy significantly improved the survival of animals (HR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.37, P < 0.001). The quality assessment revealed that no study reported whether allocation concealment and blinded outcome assessment were conducted, and only five studies implemented randomization.
Conclusions:
This meta-analysis indicated that CAR therapy may be a potential clinical strategy in treating solid tumors.
Insights
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy shows promise for solid tumors. This meta-analysis of preclinical trials in animal models found CAR immunotherapy significantly improved survival, suggesting its potential as a clinical strategy.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Preclinical Research
Background:
- Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) therapy is a growing focus in tumor immunology for solid tumors.
- Preclinical trials investigating CAR therapy for solid tumors are increasing rapidly.
- A comprehensive evaluation of existing preclinical study effects was lacking.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy of CAR therapy in animal models of solid tumors.
- To synthesize evidence from preclinical studies to inform potential clinical applications.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Google Scholar up to April 2017.
- Extraction of hazard ratios (HR) for survival from survival curves.
- Fixed effect models used for meta-analysis; heterogeneity assessed by I-square statistic.
- Quality assessment and publication bias analysis performed.
Main Results:
- Eleven trials comprising 54 experiments with 362 animals were included.
- CAR immunotherapy significantly enhanced animal survival (HR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13-0.37, P < 0.001).
- Quality assessment indicated limitations in reporting allocation concealment, blinded outcome assessment, and randomization.
Conclusions:
- CAR therapy demonstrates potential as a clinical strategy for treating solid tumors.
- The findings support further investigation and development of CAR therapy in clinical settings.
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