Molecules produced by probiotics prevent enteric colibacillosis in pigs

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Microbiology
• Animal Health
• Microbial Ecology

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance necessitates novel strategies for animal pathogen control.
• Probiotics offer potential for animal health but face usage challenges.
• Bioactive molecules from probiotics can attenuate pathogen virulence by interfering with bacterial communication.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of proteobiotics, bioactive molecules from Lactobacillus acidophilus, against enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) infection in pigs.
• To assess the impact of proteobiotics on the incidence and severity of enteric colibacillosis in piglets.

Main Methods:

• Piglets were administered Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived bioactive molecules at varying doses for 7 days pre-challenge and post-challenge with E. coli K88.
• A total of 144 piglets were used, divided into four treatment groups (0, 0.5×, 1.0×, and 2.0× dose).
• Clinical signs, fecal shedding, weight gain, and gut colonization were monitored to assess proteobiotic efficacy.

Main Results:

• Pigs receiving low and high doses of proteobiotics exhibited significantly fewer illness symptoms compared to controls.
• Proteobiotic supplementation showed a trend towards improved weight gain in pigs.
• ETEC shedding in feces was reduced by approximately 67% in proteobiotic-treated pigs by day 4 post-challenge.
• Indications suggest reduced ileal colonization by E. coli K88 and improved gut health in supplemented pigs.

Conclusions:

• Bioactive molecules from Lactobacillus acidophilus effectively reduce the incidence of enteric colibacillosis in pigs.
• The use of these proteobiotics can contribute to reducing antibiotic reliance in swine production.
• Proteobiotics represent a viable alternative for managing bacterial infections in livestock.