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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
Published on: January 13, 2023
Frame, metric and geodesic evolution in shape-changing nematic shells
Cyrus Mostajeran1, Mark Warner2, Carl D Modes3
1Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.
Abstract:
Non-uniform director fields in flat, responsive, glassy nematic sheets lead to the induction of shells with non-trivial topography on the application of light or heat. Contraction along the director causes metric change, with, in general, the induction of Gaussian curvature, that drives the topography change. We describe the metric change, the evolution of the director field, and the transformation of reference state material curves, e.g. spirals into radii, as curvature develops. The non-isometric deformations associated with heat or light change the geodesics of the surface, intriguingly even in regions where no Gaussian curvature results.
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