Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry

9.4K
A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
9.4K
Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry

9.6K
A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
9.6K
Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts01:20

Plastic Deformation in Circular Shafts

492
When materials are subjected to forces that surpass their yield strength, they undergo a process known as plastic deformation. This results in a permanent alteration or strain in their structure. This concept can be specifically applied to circular shafts, where the deformation leads to a change in its shape. The precise evaluation of this plastic deformation requires understanding the stress distribution within the circular shaft, which is achieved by calculating the maximum shearing stress in...
492
Conservation of Mass in Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume01:07

Conservation of Mass in Fixed, Nondeforming Control Volume

1.6K
The principle of conservation of mass is fundamental in fluid dynamics and is crucial for analyzing flow within fixed control volumes, such as pipes or ducts. This principle states that the total mass within a control volume remains constant unless altered by the inflow or outflow of mass through the control surfaces. This results in a vital relationship for steady, incompressible flow where the mass entering a system equals the mass leaving it.
In the case of a sewer pipe, which can be modeled...
1.6K
Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry

9.7K
A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
9.7K
Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending01:18

Deformations in a Symmetric Member in Bending

536
When analyzing the deformation of a symmetric prismatic member subjected to bending by equal and opposite couples, it becomes clear that as the member bends, the originally straight lines on its wider faces curve into circular arcs, with a constant radius centered at a point known as Point C. This phenomenon helps to understand the stress and strain distribution within the member more clearly.
When the member is segmented into tiny cubic elements, it is observed that the primary stress...
536

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Event-based spatiotemporal networks for modelling emergent phenomena in complex systems.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Patterned invagination prevents mechanical instability during gastrulation.

Nature·2025
Same author

Anisotropic stretch biases the self-organization of actin fibers in multicellular Hydra aggregates.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025
Same author

Timely neurogenesis drives the transition from nematic to crystalline nuclear packing during retinal morphogenesis.

Science advances·2025
Same author

Active shape programming drives <i>Drosophila</i> wing disc eversion.

Science advances·2024
Same author

Node-Wise Monotone Barrier Coupling Law for Formation Control.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2024
Same journal

Nanopore sequencing with proteins: synchronization and dischronization of molecular dynamics simulations with laboratory and industrial developments.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Catanionics from biosurfactants and regular surfactants: miscibility and structure.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Adhesives with a thickness smaller than the fractocohesive length enhance adhesion.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Non-equilibrium phase transitions in hybrid Voronoi models of cell colonies.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Effects of methoxy substituents on self-assembly and gelation performance of benzamide-based organogelators.

Soft matter·2026
Same journal

Rheology of <i>Escherichia coli</i> suspensions with various bacterial morphologies and motion characteristics.

Soft matter·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
08:37

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics

Published on: January 13, 2023

3.2K

Frame, metric and geodesic evolution in shape-changing nematic shells.

Cyrus Mostajeran1, Mark Warner2, Carl D Modes3

  • 1Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK.

Soft Matter
|November 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Light or heat applied to nematic sheets induces shells with complex topography due to director field variations. This contraction changes the material

More Related Videos

Sequential Application of Glass Coverslips to Assess the Compressive Stiffness of the Mouse Lens: Strain and Morphometric Analyses
07:56

Sequential Application of Glass Coverslips to Assess the Compressive Stiffness of the Mouse Lens: Strain and Morphometric Analyses

Published on: May 3, 2016

7.7K
Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics
14:14

Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics

Published on: April 16, 2017

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics
08:37

Forming, Confining, and Observing Microtubule-Based Active Nematics

Published on: January 13, 2023

3.2K
Sequential Application of Glass Coverslips to Assess the Compressive Stiffness of the Mouse Lens: Strain and Morphometric Analyses
07:56

Sequential Application of Glass Coverslips to Assess the Compressive Stiffness of the Mouse Lens: Strain and Morphometric Analyses

Published on: May 3, 2016

7.7K
Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics
14:14

Quantification of Strain in a Porcine Model of Skin Expansion Using Multi-View Stereo and Isogeometric Kinematics

Published on: April 16, 2017

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Soft matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Liquid crystal physics

Background:

  • Nematic liquid crystals exhibit unique optical and mechanical properties.
  • Responsive materials can undergo significant shape changes upon external stimuli.
  • Understanding topography development in thin sheets is crucial for material design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the topographical changes in nematic sheets induced by light or heat.
  • To elucidate the relationship between director fields, metric changes, and surface curvature.
  • To analyze the deformation of material curves during topographical evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of director field evolution in response to stimuli.
  • Analysis of metric changes and Gaussian curvature development.
  • Tracking the transformation of embedded material curves (e.g., spirals).

Main Results:

  • Non-uniform director fields induce shells with non-trivial topography.
  • Contraction along the director leads to metric changes and Gaussian curvature.
  • Material curves transform, e.g., spirals become radii, as curvature develops.
  • Non-isometric deformations alter surface geodesics, even without Gaussian curvature.

Conclusions:

  • External stimuli like light and heat can precisely control the topography of nematic sheets.
  • The director field's role is pivotal in driving these light-induced or heat-induced topographical transformations.
  • This work offers insights into designing responsive materials with tailored surface geometries.