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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers
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Genes to predict VO2max trainability: a systematic review.

Camilla J Williams1, Mark G Williams2, Nir Eynon3

  • 1Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health (CRExPAH), School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

BMC Genomics
|November 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review identified 97 genes linked to cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) improvements from exercise. Further research is needed to confirm these genetic predictors of VO2max trainability.

Keywords:
Cardiorespiratory fitnessPredictor genesTrainingVO2max

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Human Genetics
  • Personalized Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) predicts chronic disease risk.
  • Exercise training improves VO2max but responses vary significantly between individuals.
  • Understanding genetic influences on VO2max trainability is crucial for personalized exercise recommendations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and identify genetic variants associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) trainability.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the genetic basis of individual responses to exercise training.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of peer-reviewed research papers up to October 2016.
  • Inclusion criteria: studies examining genetic variants, supervised aerobic exercise, and VO2max/VO2peak measurements.
  • Databases searched: four major scientific databases.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-five articles and 15 cohorts met the inclusion criteria.
  • Ninety-seven genes were identified as potential predictors of VO2max trainability.
  • Only 13 genetic variants were consistently reproduced across studies; significant limitations include small sample sizes and lack of ethnic diversity.

Conclusions:

  • Ninety-seven genes are proposed as predictors of VO2max trainability.
  • Further rigorously controlled studies across diverse ethnicities are necessary to validate these genetic findings and explore other influencing factors.