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Related Experiment Videos

Intracranial pressure and obstructive sleep apnea.

P Jennum1, S E Børgesen

  • 1Department of Neurophysiology, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark.

Chest
|February 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes dangerous increases in intracranial pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) during apneic episodes. These pressure elevations, linked to apnea duration, were observed during sleep but not while awake.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Physiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with cardiovascular and neurological complications.
  • Intracranial pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) regulation during sleep in OSA patients requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the variations in AP and ICP during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  • To investigate the relationship between apnea duration and pressure variations.

Main Methods:

  • Six patients with severe OSA underwent polysomnography.
  • Measurements included ICP, AP, CVP, respiration, tcPO2, tcPCO2, and nocturnal sleep polygraphy.

Main Results:

  • Elevations in AP and ICP were observed during apneic episodes in OSA patients.
  • Significant correlations were found between apnea duration and variations in AP and ICP.
  • Four of six patients exhibited elevated ICP (intracranial hypertension) while awake.
  • ICP and AP increased during sleep compared to awake values, with highest ICP during REM sleep.

Conclusions:

  • Apneic episodes in OSA significantly elevate both AP and ICP.
  • Elevated ICP is present even during wakefulness in some severe OSA patients.
  • The observed ICP increases during sleep are primarily driven by apneic events.

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